LESSON LXXIX: Irregular Verbs in MI, φημί, εἰμί, εἶμι.
The Conjugation of φημί, εἰμί, εἶμι.
726. Certain important verbs follow the analogy of regular
verbs in μι in the present and second aorist systems, but are
more or less irregular in formation. Some of them lack the
second aorist system entirely. In their other systems, so far as
these occur, they follow verbs in ω.
727. Learn the conjugation of φημί, εἰμί, and εἶμι.
| Present Active Indicative of φημί (φα), SAY |
|---|
| First Person Singular | φημί |
| Second Person Singular | φῄς or φής |
| Third Person Singular | φησί |
| Second Person Dual | φατόν |
| Third Person Dual | φατόν |
| First Person Plural | φαμέν |
| Second Person Plural | φατέ |
| Third Person Plural | φᾱσί |
| Imperfect Active Indicative of φημί (φα), SAY |
|---|
| First Person Singular | ἔφην |
| Second Person Singular | ἔφησθα or ἔφης |
| Third Person Singular | ἔφη |
| Second Person Dual | ἔφατον |
| Third Person Dual | ἐφάτην |
| First Person Plural | ἔφαμεν |
| Second Person Plural | ἔφατε |
| Third Person Plural | ἔφασαν |
| Present Active Subjunctive of φημί (φα), SAY |
|---|
| First Person Singular | φῶ |
| Second Person Singular | φῇς |
| Third Person Singular | φῇ |
| Second Person Dual | φῆτον |
| Third Person Dual | φῆτον |
| First Person Plural | φῶμεν |
| Second Person Plural | φῆτε |
| Third Person Plural | φῶσι |
| Present Active Optative of φημί (φα), SAY |
|---|
| First Person Singular | φαίην |
| Second Person Singular | φαίης |
| Third Person Singular | φαίη |
| Second Person Dual | φαῖτον or φαίητον |
| Third Person Dual | φαίτην or φαιήτην |
| First Person Plural | φαῖμεν or φαίημεν |
| Second Person Plural | φαῖτε or φαίητε |
| Third Person Plural | φαῖεν or φαίησαν |
| Present Active Indicative of εἰμί (ἐσ), BE |
|---|
| First Person Singular | εἰμί |
| Second Person Singular | εἶ |
| Third Person Singular | ἐστί |
| Second Person Dual | ἐστόν |
| Third Person Dual | ἐστόν |
| First Person Plural | ἐσμέν |
| Second Person Plural | ἐστέ |
| Third Person Plural | εἰσί |
| Imperfect Active Indicative of εἰμί (ἐσ), BE |
|---|
| First Person Singular | ἦ or ἦν |
| Second Person Singular | ἦσθα |
| Third Person Singular | ἦν |
| Second Person Dual | ἦστον or ἦτον |
| Third Person Dual | ἤστην or ἤτην |
| First Person Plural | ἦμεν |
| Second Person Plural | ἦστε or ἦτε |
| Third Person Plural | ἦσαν |
| Present Active Subjunctive of εἰμί (ἐσ), BE |
|---|
| First Person Singular | ὦ |
| Second Person Singular | ᾖς |
| Third Person Singular | ᾖ |
| Second Person Dual | ἦτον |
| Third Person Dual | ἦτον |
| First Person Plural | ὦμεν |
| Second Person Plural | ἦτε |
| Third Person Plural | ὦσι |
| Present Active Optative of εἰμί (ἐσ), BE |
|---|
| First Person Singular | εἴην |
| Second Person Singular | εἴης |
| Third Person Singular | εἴη |
| Second Person Dual | εἶτον or εἴητον |
| Third Person Dual | εἴτην or εἰήτην |
| First Person Plural | εἶμεν or εἴημεν |
| Second Person Plural | εἶτε or εἴητε |
| Third Person Plural | εἶεν or εἴησαν |
| Present Active Indicative of εἶμι (ἰ), GO |
|---|
| First Person Singular | εἶμι |
| Second Person Singular | εἶ |
| Third Person Singular | εἶσι |
| Second Person Dual | ἴτον |
| Third Person Dual | ἴτον |
| First Person Plural | ἴμεν |
| Second Person Plural | ἴτε |
| Third Person Plural | ἴᾱσι |
| Present Active Indicative of εἶμι (ἰ), GO |
|---|
| First Person Singular | ᾖα or ᾔειν |
| Second Person Singular | ᾔεις or ᾔεισθα |
| Third Person Singular | ᾔει ir ᾔειν |
| Second Person Dual | ᾖτον |
| Third Person Dual | ᾔτην |
| First Person Plural | ᾖμεν |
| Second Person Plural | ᾖτε |
| Third Person Plural | ᾖσαν or ᾔεσαν |
| Present Active Subjunctive of εἶμι (ἰ), GO |
|---|
| First Person Singular | ἴω |
| Second Person Singular | ἴῃς |
| Third Person Singular | ἴῃ |
| Second Person Dual | ἴητον |
| Third Person Dual | ἴητον |
| First Person Plural | ἴωμεν |
| Second Person Plural | ἴητε |
| Third Person Plural | ἴωσι |
| Present Active Optative of εἶμι (ἰ), GO |
|---|
| First Person Singular | ἴοιμι or ἰοίην |
| Second Person Singular | ἴοις |
| Third Person Singular | ἴοι |
| Second Person Dual | ἴοιτον |
| Third Person Dual | ἰοίτην |
| First Person Plural | ἴοιμεν |
| Second Person Plural | ἴοιτε |
| Third Person Plural | ἴοιεν |
728. VOCABULARY.
| ἄπ-ειμι (εἶμι) | go off or away, depart. |
| εἰμί (ἐσ), ἔσομαι | be. |
| εἶμι (ἰ) | go, proceed, march; pres. indic.
with fut. force, shall go. |
| ἔπ-ειμι (εἶμι) | goor come on, advance,
make an attack. |
| κατα-κάω | burn down, burn up. |
| κρίσις, εως, ἡ (cf. κρίνω) | decision, trial. |
| πρό-ειμι (εἶμι) | go forward, advance. |
| ῥέω (ῥυ), ῥεύσομαι, ἐρρύηκα, ἐρρύην | flow. |
| σαλπίζω (σαλπιγγ), ἐσάλπιγξα | blow
the trumpet. |
| ὑπ-οπτεύω, ὑπ-οπτεύσω, ὑπ-ώπτευσα,
ὑπ-ωπτεύθην (cf. ὄψομαι) | suspect,
apprehend. |
| φέρω (φερ, οἰ, ἐνεκ, ἐνεγκ), οἴσω, ἤνεγκα
and ἤνεγκον, ἐνήνοχα, ἐνήνεγμαι,
ἠνέχθην | bear, bring, carry, produce,
endure; χαλεπῶς φέρω, be troubled. |
| φημί (φα), φήσω, ἔφησα | say, declare,
state. |
| φλυᾱρίᾱ, ᾱς, ἡ (cf. φλυᾱρέω) | nonsense;
plur., bosh. |
| χαλεπῶς (cf. χαλεπός) | painfully, with
difficulty. |
729. READ ALOUD AND TRANSLATE:
| 1. ἀλλ᾿ ἐγώ φημι ταῦτα φλυᾱρίᾱς εἶναι1. |
| 2. παρὰ Κύρου οὐδεὶς ἀπῄει πρὸς βασιλέᾱ. |
| 3. καὶ ἐπεὶ ἐσάλπιγξεν,2 ἐπῄεσαν. |
| 4. οὕτω γὰρ ἀπιόντες ἀσφαλῶς ἂν ἀπίοιμεν. |
| 5. ἐμοί, ὦ ἄνδρες, θῡομένῳ ἰέναι3 ἐπὶ βασιλέᾱ οὐκ ἐγίγνετο τὰ ἱερά. |
| 6. ἄνδρες στρατιῶται, μὴ θαυμάζετε ὅτι χαλεπῶς φέρω τοῖς παροῦσι πράγμασιν4. |
| 7. διὰ μέσου δὲ τοῦ παραδείσου ῥεῖ ὁ Μαίανδρος ποταμός· αἱ δὲ πηγαὶ αὐτοῦ εἰσιν ἐκ τῶν βασιλείων5. |
| 8. τὰ δὲ πλοῖα οὗτος προϊὼν κατέκαυσεν, ἵνα μὴ Κῦρος διαβαίη τὸν ποταμόν. |
| 9. νῦν μὲν οὖν ἄπιτε,6 καταλιπόντες τόνδε τὸν ἄνδρα· ὕστερον δὲ πάρεστε πρὸς τὴν κρίσιν. |
| 10. καὶ οὔ φᾱσιν ἰέναι,7 ἐὰν μή τις αὐτοῖς χρήματα διδῷ. |
| 11. οἱ δὲ ὑπώπτευον καὶ τούτου ἕνεκα αὐτὸν λέγειν, ὡς μὴ πεζῇ ἰόντες τὴν τῶν βαρβάρων χώρᾱν κακὸν ἐργάζοιντο8. |
NOTES.—1 φημί takes the infinitive in indirect discourse (469).—2 I.e.
the trumpeter.—3 for going. Construe with οὐκ ἐγίγνετο, were not favorable.
The infinitive expresses purpose (461, 7).—4 Dative of cause (866).
—5 It would be more natural to say ἐν τοῖς βασιλείοις, but the speaker
has in mind the flow of the living water from the palace.—6 Imperative.—
7 say the will not go. They said, οὐκ ἴμεν.—8 For two accusatives after
verbs of doing, see 839.—9 Use the genitive (846).
731. The King begins to move, and Cyrus charges.
καὶ πάντες δ᾿ οἱ τῶν βαρβάρων ἄρχοντες μέσον ἔχοντες
τὸ αὑτῶν ἡγοῦνται, νομίζοντες οὕτως ἐν ἀσφαλεστάτῳ
εἶναι. καὶ βασιλεὺς δὴ τότε μέσον ἔχων τῆς αὑτοῦ στρατιᾶς
ὅμως ἔξω ἐγένετο τοῦ Κύρου εὐωνύμου κέρατος. ἐπεὶ
δ᾿ οὐδεὶς αὐτῷ ἐμάχετο ἐκ τοῦ ἀντίου οὐδὲ τοῖς αὐτοῦ
τεταγμένοις ἔμπροσθεν, ἐπέκαμπτεν ὡς εἰς κύκλωσιν.
ἔνθα δὴ Κῦρος, δείσᾱς μὴ ὄπισθεν γενόμενος κατακόψειε
τὸ Ἑλληνικόν, ἐλαύνει ἀντίος· καὶ ἐμβαλὼν σὺν τοῖς
ἑξακοσίοις νῖκᾷ τοὺς πρὸ βασιλέως τεταγμένους καὶ εἰς
φυγὴν ἔτρεψε τοὺς ἑξακισχῑλίους, καὶ ἀποκτεῖναι λέγεται
αὐτὸς τῇ ἑαυτοῦ χειρὶ Ἀρταγέρσην τὸν ἄρχοντα αὐτῶν.
NOTES.—1. μέσον . . . ἡγοῦνται: i.e. they always command their own centres.
—2. οὕτως: thus, repeats the thought of μέσον ἔχοντες τὸ αὑτῶν.—ἐν
ἀσφαλεστάτῳ: in the safest (position).—3. καὶ βασιλεὺς . . . ὅμως: the king
accordingly (δή) on this occasion held (concessive participle, 495, 6)the centre,
but still, etc.—5. αὐτοῦ: with ἔμπροσθεν, in front of him (856).—6. ἐπέκαμπτεν
. . . κύκλωσιν: he wheeled round (literally against), as if to encircle
(the enemy). See No. 56.—8. ἐλαύνει ἀντίος: charged to meet (him).—
11. αὐτὸς τῇ ἑαυτοῦ χειρί: himself with his own hand (866).
REVIEW AND PRACTICE:
