LESSON LV: Stems in a Diphthong of the Consonant Declension.
506. Learn the declension of βασιλεύς, king, βοῦς, ox, cow,
γραῦς, old woman, and ναῦς, ship.
βασιλεύς, ὁ - king |
Nominative Singular | βασιλεύ-ς |
Genitive Singular | βασιλέ-ως |
Dative Singular | (βασιλέ-ϊ) βασιλεῖ |
Accusative Singular | βασιλέ-ᾱ |
Vocative Singular | βασιλεῦ |
Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | βασιλέ-ε |
Genitive and Dative Dual | βασιλέ-οιν |
Nominative and Vocative Plural | (βασιλέ-ες) βασιλεῖς |
Genitive Plural | βασιλέ-ων |
Dative Plural | βασιλεῦ-σι |
Accusative Plural | βασιλέ-ᾱς |
βοῦς, ὁ, ἡ - ox, cow |
Nominative Singular | βοῦ-ς |
Genitive Singular | βο-ός |
Dative Singular | βο-ΐ |
Accusative Singular | βοῦ-ν |
Vocative Singular | βοῦ |
Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | βό-ε |
Genitive and Dative Dual | βο-οῖν |
Nominative and Vocative Plural | βό-ες |
Genitive Plural | βο-ῶν |
Dative Plural | βου-σί |
Accusative Plural | βοῦ-ς |
γραῦς, ἡ old woman |
Nominative Singular | γραῦ-ς |
Genitive Singular | γρᾱ-ός |
Dative Singular | γρᾱ-ΐ |
Accusative Singular | γραῦ-ν |
Vocative Singular | γραῦ |
Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | γρᾶ-ε |
Genitive and Dative Dual | γρᾱ-οῖν |
Nominative and Vocative Plural | γρᾶ-ες |
Genitive Plural | γρᾱ-ῶν |
Dative Plural | γραυ-σί |
Accusative Plural | γραῦ-ς |
ναῦς, ἡ - ship |
Nominative Singular | ναῦ-ς |
Genitive Singular | νε-ώς |
Dative Singular | νη-ΐ |
Accusative Singular | ναῦ-ν |
Vocative Singular | ναῦ |
Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | νῆ-ε |
Genitive and Dative Dual | νε-οῖν |
Nominative and Vocative Plural | νῆ-ες |
Genitive Plural | νε-ῶν |
Dative Plural | ναυ-σί |
Accusative Plural | ναῦ-ς |
507. Final υ of the stem disappears before all vowels in the endings,
and in ναῦς the resulting να becomes νε before a long vowel and νη before
a short vowel. The genitive singular may end in ως instead of ος.
508. VOCABULARY.
ἀπ-έρχομαι | come or go away, retreat, desert. |
Ἄρτεμις, ιδος, ἡ | Artemis. . |
βασιλεύς, έως, ὁ (cf. βασιλεύω) | king. |
βοῦς, βοός, ὁ, ἡ | οχ, cow; plur., cattle, oxen. |
βωμός, οῦ, ὁ | altar. . |
γραῦς, γρᾱός, ἡ (cf. γέρων) | old woman. |
γυνή, γυναικός, ἡ | woman, wife. |
ἐπει-δή (ἐπεί + δή) | conj., when, since. |
ἑρμηνεύς, έως, ὁ | interpreter. |
ἔρχομαι (ἐρχ, ἐλυθ), ἦλθον, ἐλήλυθα | come, go. |
ἱππεύς, έως, ὁ (cf. ἵππος) | horseman, cavalryman; plur., caualry. . |
ναῦς, νεώς, ἡ | ship. . |
οὐκ-οῦν (οὐ + οὖν) | interr. particle, not then? not therefore? expecting an affirmative answer. |
στρατοπεδεύομαι, στρατοπεδεύσομαι | etc. (cf. στρατόπεδον), mid. dep., go into camp, encamp. |
509. READ ALOUD AND TRANSLATE:
1. ταῖς ναυσὶν1 ἐπολιόρκει Μίλητον. |
2. ἐν δὲ ταῖς οἰκίαις ἦσαν βόες καὶ ὄρνῑθες. |
3. ὁ δ᾿ ἑρμηνεὺς λέγει ὅτι παρὰ βασιλέως2 μεγάλου ἔρχονται παρὰ Κῦρον. |
4. παρῆν δὲ καὶ στρατηγός τις Λακεδαιμόνιος ἐπὶ τῶν νεῶν. |
5. εἰ βασιλεὺς ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ στρατοπεδεύοιτο, ὁπλίσαιντο ἂν οἱ ἱππεῖς. |
6. ἦλθεν ἐπὶ τὸν τῆς Ἀρτέμιδος βωμὸν ὁ ἐρμηνεύς. |
7. τούτου ἕνεκα Κῦρος τὰς ναῦς μετεπέμψατο. |
8. τοὺς γέροντας καὶ τὰς γραῦς κατέλιπον· ὀλίγᾱς γὰρ ναῦς εἶχον. |
9. καὶ παρὰ μεγάλου βασιλέως παρῆν Τισσαφέρνης καὶ ὁ τῆς βασιλέως γυναικὸς ἀδελφός. |
10. οὐκοῦν παρὰ βασιλέως πολλοὶ πρὸς Κῦρον ἀπῆλθον, ἐπειδὴ πολέμιοι ἀλλήλοις ἐγένοντο; |
NOTES.—1 Dative of instrument (866).—2 When the reference is to
the king of Persia, βασιλεύς commonly stands without the article.—3 παρά
with the accusative.—4 Verbs signifying to ask take two object accusatives
(838).— 5 ἔσται (for ἔσεται). For the future, see 170.
511. He cross-examines Orontas.
“Μετὰ ταῦτα,” ἔφη, “ὦ Ὀρόντα, τί σε ἠδίκησα;” ἀποκρίνεται
ὅτι οὐδὲν ἠδίκησε. πάλιν δὲ ὁ Κῦρος ἠρώτᾱ,
“Οὐκοῦν ὕστερον, ὡς αὐτὸς σὺ ὁμολογεῖς, οὐδὲν ὑπ᾿ ἐμοῦ
ἀδικούμενος κακῶς ἐποίεις τὴν ἐμὴν χώρᾱν;” ἔφη ὁ
Ὀρόντᾱς. “Οὐκοῦν,” ἔφη ὁ Κῦρος, “ὁπότ᾿ αὖ ἐγίγνωσκες
τὴν σαυτοῦ δύναμιν, ἐλθὼν ἐπὶ τὸν τῆς Ἀρτέμιδος βωμὸν
καὶ πείσᾱς ἐμὲ πιστὰ πάλιν ἔδωκάς μοι καὶ ἔλαβες παρ᾿
ἐμοῦ;” καὶ ταῦθ᾿ ὡμολόγει ὁ Ὀρόντᾱς.
NOTES.—1. τί: cognate accusative (833), what wrong did I do you?—οὐδέν:
the answer of Orontas in his own words was οὐδὲν ἠδίκησας, you
id me no wrong. οὐδέν is the neuter accusative singular of οὐδείς, no, none.
—4. ἀδικούμενος: concessive participle (495, 6).—ἔφη: said “Yes.” —ἐλθών:
second aorist participle, declined like ἑκών.—7. ἔδωκας: did
ou give.
REVIEW AND PRACTICE: