LESSON XLI: Contract Verbs in the Optative.
PARADIGMS
386. Learn the conjugation of the present optative, active,
middle, and passive of τῑμάω, ποιέω, and δηλόω.
| Present Optative Active of τῑμάω |
|---|
| First Person Singular | (τῑμάοιμι) τῑμῷμι or (τῑμαοίην) τῑμῴην |
| Second Person Singular | (τῑμάοις) τῑμῷς or (τῑμαοίης) τῑμῴης |
| Third Person Singular | (τῑμάοι) τῑμῷ or (τῑμαοίη) τῑμῴη |
| Second Person Dual | (τῑμάοιτον) τῑμῷτον or (τῑμαοίητον) τῑμῴητον |
| Third Person Dual | (τῑμαοίτην) τῑμῴτην or (τῑμαοιήτην) τῑμῳήτην |
| First Person Plural | (τῑμάοιμεν) τῑμῷμεν or (τῑμαοίημεν) τῑμῴημεν |
| Second Person Plural | (τῑμάοιτε) τῑμῷτε or (τῑμαοίητε) τῑμῴητε |
| Third Person Plural | (τῑμάοιεν) τῑμῷεν or (τῑμαοίησαν) τῑμῴησαν |
| Present Optative Middle and Passive of τῑμάω |
|---|
| First Person Singular | (τῑμαοίμην) τῑμῴμην |
| Second Person Singular | (τῑμάοιο) τῑμῷο |
| Third Person Singular | (τῑμάοιτο) τῑμῷτο |
| Second Person Dual | (τῑμάοισθον) τῑμῷσθον |
| Third Person Dual | (τῑμαοίσθην) τῑμῴσθην |
| First Person Plural | (τῑμαοίμεθα) τῑμῴμεθα |
| Second Person Plural | (τῑμάοισθε) τῑμῷσθε |
| Third Person Plural | (τῑμάοιντο) τῑμῷντο |
| Present Optative Active of ποιέω |
|---|
| First Person Singular | (ποιέοιμι) ποιοῖμι or (ποιεοίην) ποιοίην |
| Second Person Singular | (ποιέοις) ποιοῖς or (ποιεοίης) ποιοίης |
| Third Person Singular | (ποιέοι) ποιοῖ or (ποιεοίη) ποιοίη |
| Second Person Dual | (ποιέοιτον) ποιοῖτον or (ποιεοίητον) ποιοίητον |
| Third Person Dual | (ποιεοίτην) ποιοίτην or (ποιεοιήτην) ποιοιήτην |
| First Person Plural | (ποιέοιμεν) ποιοῖμεν or (ποιεοίημεν) ποιοίημεν |
| Second Person Plural | (ποιέοιτε) ποιοῖτε or (ποιεοίητε) ποιοίητε |
| Third Person Plural | (ποιέοιεν) ποιοῖεν or (ποιεοίησαν) ποιοίησαν |
| Present Optative Middle and Passive of ποιέω |
|---|
| First Person Singular | (ποιεοίμην) ποιοίμην |
| Second Person Singular | (ποιέοιο) ποιοῖο |
| Third Person Singular | (ποιέοιτο) ποιοῖτο |
| Second Person Dual | (ποιέοισθον) ποιοῖσθον |
| Third Person Dual | (ποιεοίσθην) ποιοίσθην |
| First Person Plural | (ποιεοίμεθα) ποιοίμεθα |
| Second Person Plural | (ποιέοισθε) ποιοῖσθε |
| Third Person Plural | (ποιέοιντο) ποιοῖντο |
| Present Optative Active of δηλόω |
|---|
| First Person Singular | (δηλόοιμι) δηλοῖμι or (δηλοοίην) δηλοίην |
| Second Person Singular | (δηλόοις) δηλοῖς or (δηλοοίης) δηλοίης |
| Third Person Singular | (δηλόοι) δηλοῖ or (δηλοοίη) δηλοίη |
| Second Person Dual | (δηλόοιτον) δηλοῖτον or (δηλοοίητον) δηλοίητον |
| Third Person Dual | (δηλοοίτην) δηλοίτην or (δηλοοιήτην) δηλοιήτην |
| First Person Plural | (δηλόοιμεν) δηλοῖμεν or (δηλοοίημεν) δηλοίημεν |
| Second Person Plural | (δηλόοιτε) δηλοῖτε or (δηλοοίητε) δηλοίητε |
| Third Person Plural | (δηλόοιεν) δηλοῖεν or (δηλοοίησαν) δηλοίησαν |
| Present Optative Middle and Passive of δηλόω |
|---|
| First Person Singular | (δηλοοίμην) δηλοίμην |
| Second Person Singular | (δηλόοιο) δηλοῖο |
| Third Person Singular | (δηλόοιτο) δηλοῖτο |
| Second Person Dual | (δηλόοισθον) δηλοῖσθον |
| Third Person Dual | (δηλοοίσθην) δηλοίσθην |
| First Person Plural | (δηλοοίμεθα) δηλοίμεθα |
| Second Person Plural | (δηλόοισθε) δηλοῖσθε |
| Third Person Plural | (δηλόοιντο) δηλοῖντο |
387. The mood suffix in all the voices is ι, except in the singular
active, where it is generally ιη. When the mood suffix is ιη, the first person singular
active has the regular ending ν (145).
RULES OF CONTRACTION
388. Observe that
| 1) | α + οι = ῳ; |
| 2) | ε + οι = οι; |
| 3) | ο + οι = οι. |
389. VOCABULARY.
| ἀρετή, ῆς, ἡ | goodness, courage, valor. |
| ἡττάομαι, ἡττήσομαι etc., | pass. dep., be inferior, be defeated. |
| λῡπέω, λῡπήσω etc., | grieve, annoy, molest. |
| μισθοφόρος, ον | (μισθός + φέρω bear, receive), receiving pay; μισθοφόροι, οἱ, mercenaries. |
| μισθόω, μισθώσω, etc. (cf. μισθός) | let out for hire, let; mid., cause to be let to oneself, hire. |
| ὄνομα, ατος, τό | name. |
| πῶς | interr. adv., how? |
| τάχα | adv., quickly; in apod. with ἄν,
perhaps. |
| τῑμωρέω, τῑμωρήσω etc., | avenge; mid.,avenge oneself on, take vengeance on, punish. |
390. READ ALOUD AND TRANSLATE:
| 1. πῶς ἂν τὴν μάχην ποιοίμην; |
| 2. εἰ ἀκούσαιμι τὸ τούτου τοῦ κακοῦ ἀνθρώπου ὄνομα, τῑμωρησαίμην ἄν. |
| 3. κίνδῡνος ἦν μὴ ὁ σατράπης λῡποίη τοὺς Ἓλληνας. |
| 4. εἰ οἱ Ἕλληνες νῑκῷεν τοὺς βαρβάρους, καλῶς ἂν ἔχοι. |
| 5. οὐκ ἂν οὖν θαυμάζοιμι εἰ οἱ πολέμιοι πειρῷντο αὐτοῖς ἕπεσθαι. |
| 6. πάντες ἐφοβοῦντο μὴ ὁ Κλέαρχος τῑμωροῖτο τοὺς στρατιώτᾱς. |
| 7. εἰ ὅπλα ἔχοιμεν, καὶ τῇ ἀρετῇ ἂν χρῴμεθα1. |
| 8. ἐφοβοῦντο μὴ οὐκέτι τῷ στρατεύματι ἡγοῖτο. |
| 9. εἰ δὲ ἡττῷντο οἱ φύλακες, οὐκ ἂν σωθεῖεν. |
| 10. τούτους τοὺς μισθοφόρους τάχ᾿ ἂν μισθοῖτο, εἰ πορεύοιντο εἰς τὴν ἀρχήν. |
NOTES.—1 χράομαι, use(serve oneself by) takes the dative of means (866).
Cf. Latin ūtor with the ablative.
392. March to Corsote and Pylae. Cattle perish in the Desert.
πορευόμενοι δὲ διὰ ταύτης τῆς χώρᾱς ἀφικνοῦνται ἐπὶ
τὸν Μάσκᾱν ποταμόν. ἐνταῦθα ἦν πόλις ἐρήμαη, ὄνομα
δ᾿ αὐτῇ Κορσωτή· περὶ δ᾿ αὐτὴν ῥεῖ ὁ ποταμὸς κύκλῳ.
ἐνταῦθα ἐπεσῑτίσαντο. ἐντεῦθεν ἐξελαύνει σταθμοὺς ἐρήμους
τρεισκαίδεκα παρασάγγᾱς ἐνενήκοντα, τὸν Εὐφράτην
ποταμὸν ἐν δεξιᾷ ἔχων, καὶ ἀφικνεῖται ἐπὶ Πύλᾱς. ἐν
τούτοις τοῖς σταθμοῖς πολλὰ τῶν ὑποζυγίων ἀπώλετο ὑπὸ
λῑμοῦ. οὐ γὰρ ἦν χόρτος οὐδὲ δένδρον, ἀλλὰ ψῑλὴ ἦν
ἅπᾱσα ἡ χώρᾱ.
NOTES.—1. πορευόμενοι: proceeding, present participle in the middle.—
2. πόλις: city,a feminine noun. —7. πολλά: many, a neuter plural. —
ἀπώλετο: perished, a second aorist middle.
REVIEW AND PRACTICE:
